With the rapidly development of medical image analysis technology and clinical image data, how to accurately diagnose, classify and evaluate the prognosis of different diseases is a major challenge for the modern medical workers. Deep learning is a new generation of artificial intelligence technology with high-throughput automatic extraction and high-dimensional feature information. Deep learning has been widely used in the field of clinical medical big data analysis, it providing a new opportunity for identification, accurate segmentation and auxiliary diagnosis of clinical medical images. This paper reviews the latest research progress of deep learning technology in the field of medical image analysis丨 it also discusses the important methods and typical applications of deep learning in medical image analysis such as MRI, CT, ultrasound and X-ray, and the prospect of deep learning artificial intelligence in medical image analysis.

Objective To design a management software, which can run on any handheld intelligent platform, of medical equipment based on the requirements of modern hospital. Methods A medical equipment management applet was designed based on WXML language and Bmob back-end clould database by using WeChat public platform and WeChat applet developer tools. Results This medical equipment management applet with the modules of information query, repair, maintenance, scrapping, user manuals viewing, operation footages replay etc, which could provide a convenient and reliable management method for hospital medical equipment management to meet the different needs of users. Conclusion The WeChat-based applet has many merits such as low cost of development, little fund inputting and short development cycles, which can significantly improve the efficiency of medical equipment management in hospital. The flexibility of WeChat-based applet provides medical equipment department with the possibility of rapidly developing a medical equipment management system while meeting the requirements of their own.

Objective To explore the maintenance methods of the B.Braun Dialog+ hemodialysis machine, the common faults during use were analyzed. Methods Based on three typical faults, the fault diagnosis method was explored, the working principle of the hemodialysis machine dialysate proportioning unit, influent degassing unit and ultrafiltration unit were deeply studied, and the cause of the fault was analyzed and summarized. Results The equipment failure was solved in time by replacing the consumable parts, and the maintenance of the equipment was carried out regularly to ensure that the machine was in good working condition. Conclusion Only by strengthening the understanding of the working principle and the structure of the fluid circuit of the hemodialysis machine, regular maintenance of the machine and timely replacement of aging accessories, can we guarantee the safe and effective treatment of patients.

Effective monitoring of vital signs is an important prerequisite for medical treatment and health maintenance. The limitations of traditional contact monitoring technology are significantly, and the user experience is wrong. With the progress of science and technology, all kinds of non-contact sensing technologies such as optical fiber sensing, bio-radar, piezoelectric sensing and infrared thermal imaging are developing rapidly. This paper compares and analyzes the principles, characteristics and related research status of different non-contact vital signs monitoring technologies, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of current non-contact vital signs monitoring technologies and the possible development trend in the future, and provides ideas for the development of non-contact vital signs monitoring technologies.

This article reviewed two cases of conductivity related troubles of dialysate of B.Braun Dialog+ series hemodiafiltration machines, which was the long time of dialysate matching in the self inspection and “over carbonic acid mixure ratio limit” “over total conductivity limit” or “carbonic acid conductance overrun” in the treatment process, occurred occasionally. By observing the equipment operation parameters, step by step investigation from simple to difficult. Finally, it was determined that the fault was caused by the impurity signal transmission disorder on the surface of air separation chamber probe and balance chamber solenoid valve. After cleaning, the fault was resolved. The purpose of this paper is to provide reference for the same process to deal with similar difficult faults.

This paper analyzed one fault case of Smith FWZ-50C6 single pass injection pump, discussed cause of the failure and solutions. Unlike common fault cases, the fault phenomenon were composed of unable to boot, automatically turning-on-and-off, the motor was not working. We analyzed the relationship between fault and electronic component and conducted targeted maintenance, through finding working principle of the injection pump circuit diagram and the main working principle of electronic components in the circuit. Clinical engineers should acquire basic skill, know the working principle of electronic component well. In this premise, they can enhance the fault analysis ability and solve the problem quickly.

The development of psychiatric medical eye trackers was mainly introduced in this paper. We described the work principle of the electro-optical eye tracker, the corneal reflex eye tracker and the pupil-corneal reflex vector method of medical eye tracker and the clinical application of eye tracker in the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Combining the current research status of eye tracker at home and abroad with the actual work, the design and development trend of future medical eye tracker was proposed.

本文通过分析Evita4和Savina呼吸机的5例常见故障，探讨呼吸机的故障检修方法，分析常见故障原因。

Oxygen saturation is an important physiological parameter reflecting the function of respiration and circulation, which has been widely used in clinical monitoring and health caring. The paper analyzed the main contents of the pharmaceutical industry standard YY 0784-2010 through introduced the major technical parameters and electromagnetic compatibility characters. The development of the international standards of pulse oximeter was also reviewed. Finally, we discussed the importance of the industry standards on the reliability and safety of pulse oximeters.

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a noninvasive nerve stimulation technique, which can regulate the neural activity by using specific, low-intensity current through two electrodes to specific brain regions. Previous studies showed that tES is a useful device for brain injury recovery, emotion regulation and improvement of cognitive capability. Its portable, painless, inexpensive, safe features and long-lasting effects make tES a very promising brain stimulation technique. This paper introduced the principle of tES as well as its clinical application, prospect and instrumentation.

Clinical blood test is the most common and basic test project in the laboratory. Whole blood cell analysis has a very important influence on the clinician’s judgment of the disease. To provide a reference for the maintenance of similar equipment, two cases of maintenance failures in the Hessian-Meikang XN-2000 blood analyzer with a white blood cell (WBC) count of 0 and RBC sheath fluid suction abnormalities were analyzed. The fault that WBC count is 0 was caused by the fault of DCSV37 at the rear end of the flow pool, and the fault was solved after replacing the electromagnetic valve. Meanwhile, the abnormal suction of the red blood cell sheath flow was caused by the blockage of the front limit tube of the diaphragm pump, and the fault was removed after cleaning the foreign matter inside the restrictor. For this kind of fault, the maintenance personnel must be familiar with the water and gas road map of the machine and fully understand the working principle of the machine, so that the fault can be quickly checked against the water and gas road map when the fault occurs, and the maintenance efficiency can be improved logically. At the same time, it also provides solutions for other faults.

According to the statistics of the fault data of our hospital, the clinical failures of D3 defibrillator were mainly concentrated in the front shell module, multi-parameter module and power module. The main clinical manifestations of failures were failure to boot, failure to charge and discharge, no display on black screen, and no ECG waveform, which these four types accounted for about 64% of total failures. Rapid troubleshooting and maintenance can not only ensure the intact rate of defibrillator, but also reduce maintenance costs, while effectively ensuring the safety of equipment.

This paper briefly introduced the definition of worklist and its related technologies, detailed the configuration and debugging process of the new version of PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) in the hospital. Through configuration and debugging of the worklist of imaging equipment, integration of HIS (Hospital Information System), RIS (Radiology Information System) and PACS was realized. It also introduced the application of worklist in elimination of common failures and maintenance of RIS.

With the rapid development of wearable technology and the background of the aging society, the relative shortage of medical resources and popularization of health concept, wearable medical health monitoring receives more and more attention. Wearable health monitoring devices aimed at monitoring human health information in real-time and combining the analysis of big data and experts’ advice to provide scientific health guidance. This paper sumed up the application of wearable devices in the medical monitoring field from the aspects of chronic disease management and health monitoring, pointed out the existing deficiencies, and summarized the trend of wearable medical health monitoring.

The electroencephalogram signal is the overall response of the synchronous electrophysiological activities of a large number of neurons in the human central nervous system in the cerebral cortex and scalp surface. The processing and analysis of electroencephalogram signals are of great significance for exploring the working mechanism of brain and to diagnose and treating diseases of brain nervous system. This paper reviewed and summarized the latest research results related to electroencephalogram signal processing and analysis at home and abroad in recent five years, and mainly sorts out them according to four kinds of methods: time-frequency analysis, high-order spectrum analysis, nonlinear dynamics and artificial neural network. We hope this paper can provide some references for scholars to get the current research status and to choose appropriate methods of electroencephalogram processing and analysis.

Minimally invasive treatment for early gastrointestinal cancer is currently a research hotspot. Surgery is currently an effective treatment method for gastrointestinal tumors. However, due to the dependence of surgery on doctor experience, difficulties in intelligent characterization during early gastrointestinal cancer surgery, and difficulties in dynamic monitoring of treatment effects, advanced new equipment is urgently needed to innovate the current diagnosis and treatment mode. Therefore, the development of intelligent minimally invasive theranostics systems has become an urgent key challenge to overcome. Aiming at the core problems of intelligent diagnosis and treatment such as gastrointestinal tumors, the development of intelligent minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment instruments is of great significance, and can provide important solutions for the current theranostics of tumors. This article introduced the research and clinical applications of optical technology based imaging methods, intelligent precise diagnosis schemes, image guided surgical treatment, robot assisted intelligent treatment, and other aspects for early gastrointestinal cancer. It discussed and proposed possible future development directions in these areas, and pointed out the key issues of integrated invasive intelligent multimodal optical minimally invasive theranostics to be studied in the future, so as to provide reference suggestions for the research on the key issues of minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment integration of gastrointestinal and the development of intelligent diagnosis and treatment instruments.

In this paper, the working principle of philips color ultrasound named by EPIQ7C and the software and hardware process of power startup were introduced in detail firstly. Then, the detection of power failure was mainly discussed in combination with the equipment failure condition. By analyzing the voltage threshold of power module interface connection diagram and power module, the isolation detection method of power failure was discussed. It provided strong data and theoretical support for the power modular maintenance of EPIQ7C.

Radiotherapy, surgery and drug treatment are common methods for cancer. With the development of the medical accelerator equipment and the computer-aided technology, carbon-ion therapy devices are being built in many medical centers around the world. Heavy ions has unique physical and biological advantages in radiotherapy. Compared with conventional photon radiotherapy, carbon-ion therapy has higher relative biological effectiveness which can protect normal tissue better and is more lethal to hypoxic cancer cells. The accuracy of carbon-ion therapy is highly dependent on radiotherapy technologies such as treatment planning system, beam delivery, motion management and image guidance, which still need to be improved through a large number of clinical verification at present.

With the rapid development of natural language processing and text mining technology, the step of extracting data from literature began changing from manual extraction to automation by computer. In the past cases, researchers searched entire articles sentence by sentence to looking for key words or key sentences. But the thorough searching without focus points wasted much time. In thispaper, we took genome-wide association study (GWAS) as the example to develop the strategies of data automatics extraction for meta-analysis through clearing the positions of data elements we cared about in the included studies in advance to help computers extract the complete data quickly and accurately by searching only parts of the literature. At the same time, we used a GWAS study about Alzheimer’s disease as a case study to search and extract data from all the included studies according to the strategies that we developed. Results showed that our strategies not only shortened the time of extraction, but also kept the success rate and accuracy more than 90%. Our research provided effective strategies and a guide for the research of automatic extraction of GWAS data, which has a promoting effect on the development of meta-analysis to the big data era.

Vascular interventional surgical robots have become the research foucs of medical robots because of their advantages of assisting doctors to remotely control catheter guide wires for surgery to reduce radiation hazards, improve surgical accuracy, and shorten surgical time. This paper introduces the robotic system of vascular interventional surgical designed by various research institutions in recent years. Important technical developments in vascular interventional robotic system including catheter instrumentation, image navigation, force feedback, as well as skill evaluation have been reviewed and we analyze the meaning of these technologies in robotic systems and their development trend. Finally, the future research directions in vascular interventional robotic system are listed. This article can enable researchers to understand the structure of vascular interventional surgical robotic system, grasp the development status of key technologies, and provide references for future research direction.

The emergence of Internet of things technology promotes the further development of smart medical system, so that medical data can be maximized in the diagnosis and treatment. Today, patient-centered smart medical platforms are more likely to be built. Firstly, this paper summarized the current situation and existing problems of medical informatization in China, and introduced the basic architecture and core technology of the intelligent medical system based on the Internet of things. Then, the application of intelligent medical system based on Internet of things was analyzed. At the end of this paper, the future development direction of intelligent medical system based on the Internet of things was prospected.

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a phenomenon in which irreversible hydrophilic pores are generated in the lipid bilayer of cell membrane or biological tissue under the action of pulsed electric field, and its biological effect is to cause cell apoptosis or death. In 2021, the National Food and Drug Administration approved the marketing of two domestic IRE devices. So far, this technology has been applied in many domestic hospitals for the clinical treatment of liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer and so on, and achieved good therapeutic effect. This paper reviews the past and present of IRE at home and abroad, and looks forward to the future development of this technique.

Objective To study the Wi-Fi Real-Time Location System (RTLS) network architectures and related technologies and analyze its applications in the medical system. Methods Comparative analysis of the differences among Wi-Fi, Zigbee and others communication methods was conducted. And RTLS issues on system components, structure, functional framework and features were analyzed. Researches on system applications in hospital management were made. Results Wi-Fi RTLS had the advantages of low initial investment and mature technologies and could be effectively realized in real-time location, including hospital staff, patients and equipment positioning although it had drawbacks in some aspects such as power consumption. Conclusion Wi-Fi RTLS can effectively satisfy the hospital requirements of real-time positioning, and it has been successfully applied in some medical and healthcare units and will have wide range of applications in the future.

随着医疗影像设备的应用和医疗系统的日趋成熟和发展，医院内显示器的使用量逐步增加，如何选择专业的医疗影像显示器成为医院和生产厂家关注的重点。医疗影像显示器在医疗影像诊断中替代了胶片的地位，成为医学影像的最终呈现者，影响着医生对患者的观察和诊断。越来越多的专家和科室管理者逐步认识到医疗影像显示器质量控制的重要性。 本标准按照 GB/T 1.1-2016《标准化工作导则第 1 部分：标准的结构和编写规则》中有关规定而编制。本标准的附录 A、附录 B 为规范性附录。

Objective To solve the bottleneck problems on decreasing system performance and low speed of image transmission due to the processing performance lag of Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) server. Methods In the premise of no upgrading the entire PACS system, a new network node was set up on the image workstation. The images were uploaded to the newly added EA4.0 server, and then transferred to the PACS server by EA4.0 server. Results By follow-up observations for a long period of time, the speed of image transmission from inspection workstation to PACS server was greatly improved. The bottleneck problem on low speed of image transmission was solved. The time of the diagnostician waiting for images from PACS server was saved. Conclusion It made full use of the potential of the hospital’s existing equipment. And the problem of slow image transmission speed was solved so that PACS could fully play its application value in the imaging department.

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) as unlabeled microscopic imaging, has become one of the most valuable methods in biomedical applications. Diffraction phase microscopy (DPM) is a high-sensitivity QPI method based on slightly off-axis commonpath structure, which has the characteristics of label-free, high stability and low-noise phase images. This paper systematically introduced the theory of interference imaging, the principles of selection of system parameters, and the phase retrieval algorithm. Moreover, the developments of DPM method was summarized, including white-light diffraction phase microscopy, multi-wavelength diffraction phase imaging, structural light illumination diffraction phase imaging, and multi-mode diffraction phase imaging. Additionally, the application of these developed DPM methods in biology and medicine is introduced. Finally, the limitations of the DPM methods and the possible development in the future were also discussed.

Hypertension is a serious disease to harm human health, and the accuracy and reliability of blood pressure monitoring plays a crucial role in it. Wearable blood pressure monitoring device can accurately reflect the continuous changes of the user’s blood pressure, therefore it is of great significance in the diagnosis, treatment efficacy evaluation, prognosis and determination of target organ damage of hypertension. This paper takes an in-depth analysis of the classification and application status of wearable blood pressure monitoring device in medical field, as well as existed problems.

In this paper, we used Swiss cheese model theory to analyze the risk of medical equipment operation, and explore how to effectively apply it to medical equipment operation so as to reduce operation errors ensuring the safety of patients and cut the operating costs.

Datasets are important resources for the development, training, verification and optimization of artificial intelligence medical device, which have important impact on the quality of AI products. In the beginning period of market translation, it is important to regulate and guide companies, hospitals, academia and third party institutes to build and manage datasets for AI correctly, which determines the safety, effectiveness and long-term success of AI medical device, and further impacts the utilization of medical big data in China. However, there are no specific standards and clear methods for the management and assessment of datasets for AI medical devices. With reference to practical experience on dataset development, we proposed detailed advice on the quality management and evaluation of AI datasets, clarified working procedure and requirement, which might help industry recognize the importance of dataset quality management and promote scientific quality management system, further ensure product quality.

This paper introduced the importance of non-invasive continuous blood pressure measurement. Moreover, the applanation tonometry method, vascular unloading technique, pulse wave velocity and characteristic parameter were analyzed emphatically. This paper also described the basic principles, the present research and the technical difficulties. Finally, the further development was prospected.

This paper made utilization of the modern computer network for successful realization of standardized orthopedic consumable management in combination of the actual situation of the hospital. Additionally, the thought and significance of conversion of consumables management in Department of Orthopedics into professionalization were proposed and related practice was conducted, which provided guidance for other medical institutions.

It is well known that implantable medical devices are widely used in clinic. The development of biomedical materials including biomedical metallic materials and medical polymer materials was summarized firstly in this paper. Then, the research focused implantable medical devices was summarized, including the integration and development of 3D printing technology and information technology. The existing scientific problems in the research were also pointed out. Finally, the development direction and clinical application prospect of future research were prospected. We hope this study can provide reference for relevant research.

Terahertz technology has been continuously studied in recent decades, because of its unique properties and advantages. Its huge application potential in the medical field has been gradually developed and applied. This research summarized the history and the latest developments of terahertz in the medical field, and expounded the significance and application prospect of its current research in this field.

Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is a common sleep disorder, which seriously affects people's physical and mental health. Sleep monitoring plays an extremely important role in the diagnosis of the disease. Firstly, the sleep apnea syndrome and related clinical knowledge were introduced in this paper, and the classification criteria and collection parameters of sleep monitoring were summarized. According to the clinical use and product registration data, the development status at home and abroad was analyzed. The research progress of key technologies was elaborated by collecting literature. Finally, the current status and characteristics of sleep monitoring were summarized, and the future development trend was prospected.

Ring artifacts are mainly derived from high-resolution micro-CT circular trajectory reconstruction. However, severe ring artifacts will affect the subsequent processing and quantitative analysis of the reconstructed image. In order to eliminate ring artifacts, a high-resolution micro-CT acquisition and reconstruction method based on 3D motion trajectory was proposed in this paper. Based on the structure of high-resolution micro-CT, this method used a rotating table and a three-dimensional translation platform to realize the 3D motion trajectory of the object. First, based on the Insight Segmentation and Registration Toolkit platform, the phantom data was registered to obtain the displacement matrix. Next, the projection data according to the 3D motion trajectory were obtained. Finally, the circular artifact was removed by FDK reconstruction with the matrix parameters of the 3D motion trajectory. The proposed method was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated in numerical simulations and real experiments. The results demonstrated that this ring artifact correction method has the characteristics of obvious correction effect, maintaining image resolution, and fast reconstruction speed, which is suitable for various cone beam CT imaging systems.

Artificial intelligence (AI), especially deep learning, has shown extraordinary ability in the field of medical treatment, which has brought breakthrough progress to tumor radiotherapy. In order to introduce the progress of AI in the field of tumor radiotherapy in the past three years, two databases, PubMed and CNKI, were searched in this study, and references included in the study were searched manually. The search was conducted from January 1, 2014 to July 31, 2019, and a total of 38 studies were included. Among them, 14 studies related to the delineation of target areas and organs at risk, 12 studies related to the development of radiotherapy plans, 5 studies related to the prediction of toxic and side effects, and 7 studies related to the prediction of prognosis. In fact, AI technology has achieved good results in the field of tumor radiotherapy, and will show a broader application prospect in tumor radiotherapy.

Intelligent Chinese medicine fumigant is a rehabilitation physiotherapy equipment which combines the latest industrial technology with traditional Chinese medicine. We thoroughly analyzed the working principle of the traditional Chinese medicine fumigation instrument, and summarized three cases of fumigation instrument heating slowly, fumigation bed not heating, and fumigation bed starting abnormally. The cause of the failure was analyzed, the troubleshooting process was described in detail, and the failure was solved by replacing the corresponding electric heating tube, relay, and chip of the same type. In addition to the summary and analysis of maintenance examples, this article also proposed that preventive maintenance was an extension of the maintenance work of clinical engineers. Maintenance engineers fully grasp the working principle of the equipment and take effective measures to effectively reduce the failure rate, which is conducive to ensuring the safe and effective operation of the equipment.

Cancer has become a major disease threatening human health. Although traditional treatment methods have curative effects, they have certain contraindications and side effects. As a new locoregional physical treatment technology for cancer, irreversible electroporation has unique advantages over traditional tumor treatment methods, and can be used for the treatment of adjacent blood vessels, nerves and other important organs and tissues. Clinical research shows that the irreversible electroporation of cells generated by microsecond electric pulse could bring obvious muscle contraction and arrhythmia in human body while ablating tumor. In terms of nanosecond pulse ablation can overcome the above shortcomings by changing the hardware implementation of pulse generator, increasing voltage and compressing pulse width. This paper introduces the rise and advantages of nanosecond pulse tumour ablation technology, reviews the current situation of nanosecond pulse tumour ablation research and clinical application at home and abroad, analyses the advantages of the iterative technology of nanosecond pulse ablation devices, focuses on the nanosecond pulse power technology, nanosecond pulse electric field distribution, electric field intensity threshold and the different quantitative-effect relationships brought about by different electric pulse parameters for tumour ablation, and outlooks the latest developments and development directions of nanosecond pulse tumour ablation devices.

A human body composition analyzer was designed in the paper based on the principle of bio-electrical resistance, which consisted of 5 sectors including the upper computer, micro printer, weight measurement circuit, electrodes and the impedance measurement circuit. Through detection of the weight and impedance parameters, the hardware and software system of the analyzer were designed with the adoption of the principle of phase sensitive detection. According to the experimental evaluation, the analyzer proved its high accuracy of measurement and conformity to the intended design standards, which could be widely applied in human health examinations.