目的 回顾性分析全数字钼靶乳腺X光机影像与肿瘤分子生物学特性间的关联性。方法 选取在2020年1月至2021年6月 接受诊治的85例乳腺肿块患者，术前进行新型全数字钼靶乳腺X光机摄影，并按国际上认可度较高的“乳腺影像报告和数 据系统”准则下的乳腺癌病理类型进行分型，术后选取WHO癌症肿块组织病理分子生物学特性中比较重要的雌激素受体 （Estrogen Receptor，ER）、孕激素受体（Progesterone Receptor，PR）和P53基因的值进行分析，最后进行关联性分析。 结果 85例患者中癌变者的ER阳性者有49例（57.6%），PR阳性者有50例（58.8%），P53基因阳性者有24例（38.9%），其 存在显著性差异。单肿块状的ER、PR阳性率远高于有钙化的肿瘤，而单钙化影像的患者中，肿块阳性率最少（P<0.01）。 另外肿瘤块越小，ER、PR阳性率越高（P<0.01），P53基因值阳性率越低（P<0.05）。无钙化影像患者的ER、PR阳性率 高于中度钙化者，而恶性钙化型最低（P<0.01）。恶性钙化型的P53基因值明显高于中度钙化者（P<0.05），表明P53基因 突变阳性率越高，影像上肿块越多，恶性转化越快，预后越差。结论 新型全数字钼靶乳腺X光机能获得最佳的影像摄取体 位，有效提高摄取图像的质量，并可利用高清影像特征反映EP、PR、P53值的水平。作为一种无创性的方法，可应用于术 前或保乳性治疗的评估中，其X线特征和各项指标的评价结果，能够起到判断预后、指导内分泌治疗的效果，具有一定应 用价值。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the correlation between digital mammography and tumor molecular biological characteristics. Methods A total of 85 patients with breast lumps who were diagnosed and treated from January 2020 to June 2021 were selected. New type full digital mammography was performed preoperatively, and the breast cancer pathological types were classified according to the internationally recognized “Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System” guidelines. The values of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and P53 genes, which were more important in the histopathological and molecular biological characteristics of WHO cancer masses, were analyzed. Finally correlation analysis was performed. Results Among the 85 patients, 49 (57.6%) were ER positive, 50 (58.8%) were PR positive, and 24 (38.9%) were P53 positive. There were significant differences. The positive rate of ER and PR of pure mass was much higher than that of tumor with calcification, and the positive rate of mass was the least in patients with pure calcification imaging (P<0.01). In addition, the smaller the tumor mass, the higher the positive rate of ER and PR (P<0.01), and the lower the positive rate of P53 gene value (P<0.05). The positive rates of ER and PR in patients without calcification were higher than those with moderate calcification, while the malignant calcification type was the lowest (P<0.01). The P53 gene value of the malignant calcification type was significantly higher than that of the moderate calcification type (P<0.05), indicating that the higher the positive rate of P53 gene mutation, the more masses on the image, the faster the malignant transformation, and the worse the prognosis. Conclusion The new type full digital mammography can obtain the best image capturing position, effectively improve the quality of captured images, and can use high-definition image features to reflect the level of EP, PR, and P53 values. As a non-invasive method, it can be used in the evaluation of preoperative or breast-conserving treatment. The X-ray characteristics and evaluation results of various indicators can play a role in judging prognosis and guiding endocrine therapy, and have certain application value.