目的 应用PDCA循环法对新生儿科婴儿培养箱质量管理进行持续改进，提高婴儿培养箱的合格率和保障能力。方法 收集相关数据，利用鱼骨图和柏拉图进行问题及原因分析，结合PDCA循环管理，通过完善医疗设备管理制度，细化维护保养内容、加强人员培训考核、提高监督管理力度等方面实施改进措施，并根据PDCA循环法引入前后的整体合格率和精细的检测参数指标评价改进效果。结果 实施改进措施后，婴儿培养箱的合格率从87.1%提升至97.1%，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。同时检测项目中的温度类指标和相对湿度偏差均明显减小，其中温度类指标的偏差值、均匀度和波动度变化具有显著性意义（P＜0.05），结果表明，PDCA循环法使得婴儿培养箱的质量管理水平和性能状态得到提升。结论 运用PDCA循环法提高婴儿培养箱的合格率，改善性能状态，可推动婴儿培养箱质量管理的规范化，并为其他医疗设备开展质量管理工作提供了参考。

Objective PDCA cycle method was used to continuously improve the quality management of infant incubators in neonatology department, and improve the qualified rate and guarantee ability of infant incubators. Methods Relevant data were collected, problems and causes were analyzed by fishbone diagram and Plato. Combined with PDCA cycle management, improvement measures were implemented by improving medical equipment management system, refining maintenance content, strengthening personnel training and assessment, and improving supervision and management. The improvement effect was evaluated according to the overall qualified rate and fine detection parameters before and after the introduction of PDCA cycle method. Results After implementing the improvement measures, the qualified rate in infant incubator increased from 87.1% to 97.1%, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). At the same time, the deviation of temperature index and relative humidity in the test items is obviously reduced, and the deviation, uniformity and fluctuation of temperature index have significant changes (P < 0.05). The results show that PDCA cycle method has improved the quality management level and performance status of infant incubator. Conclusion Using PDCA circulation method to improve the qualified rate and performance of infant incubator can promote the standardization of quality management in infant incubator and provide reference for other medical equipment to carry out quality management.